Understanding Cancer: A Comprehensive Quiz Quiz - Test Your Knowledge

the mathematician Alexander Kronrod thought female computing staff members were more accurate than males and was known for helping terminal cancer patients.

vulvar cancer accounts for about 4% of all gynecological cancers.

Vatalanib, an anti-cancer drug currently in clinical trials, inhibits the growth of new blood vessels by selectively blocking receptors of vascular endothelial growth factors.

the CALERIE study subjects humans to a 25% reduction in food calories over a two-year period, to determine if calorie restriction prolongs life and reduces the incidence of cancer and cardiovascular disease.

the Chaga mushroom has been used as a folk remedy in Eastern European countries for ulcers, cancer and gastritis since the 16th century.

the compound pterostilbene, which is found in blueberries and grapes, is thought to help prevent cancer, cognitive decline, and diabetes.

the case of Angela Carder, a cancer patient who was forced to undergo a caesarean section in 1987, established the rights of pregnant women to determine their own health care in the United States.

tumor markers are chemical substances found in blood that arise from the presence of cancerous tissues.

targeted therapy is a type of chemotherapy which blocks the growth of cancer cells by interfering with specific targeted molecules needed for carcinogenesis and tumor growth.

fast neutron therapy utilizes neutrons, typically with more than twenty megaelectronvolts, to treat diseases like cancer.

Diana Golden, who lost a leg to cancer at the age of 12, was named female skier of the year in 1988 by the United States Olympic Committee.

bone marrow transplants are used to restore stem cells in the bodies of cancer patients.

Fredrik Georg Gade, a tuberculosis and cancer researcher, himself died of bronchial cancer.

obesity in Australia was made a "national health priority" by the government in 2008, officially elevating awareness to the same level as other health risks like cancer, heart disease and diabetes.

self-expandable metallic stents (pictured) are prosthetic metal tubes inserted by fibre optic cameras in order to treat cancers of the gastrointestinal tract.

Rosetta Genomics Ltd. is a molecular diagnostics company that uses micro-ribonucleic acid biomarkers to develop diagnostic tests designed to differentiate between various types of cancer.

cancer specialist Julian Aleksandrowicz, a Polish Jew, joined Polish resistance Armia Krajowa after being aided in the Kraków ghetto by one of the Polish Righteous.

Understanding Cancer: A Comprehensive Quiz

1 Normally, the body safeguards against cancer via numerous methods, such as: ________, helper molecules (some DNA polymerases), possibly senescence, etc.

2 ________ (HNPCC, also known as Lynch syndrome) can include familial cases of colon cancer, uterine cancer, gastric cancer, and ovarian cancer, without a preponderance of colon polyps.

3 The Dutch professor Francois de la Boe Sylvius, a follower of ________, believed that all disease was the outcome of chemical processes, and that acidic lymph fluid was the cause of cancer.

4 Research suggests the compounds in medicinal mushrooms most responsible for up-regulating the immune system and providing an anti-cancer effect, are a diverse collection of polysaccharide compounds, particularly ________.

5 [74] The effect of COX-2 inhibitors such as rofecoxib and ________ upon the risk of colon polyps have been studied in familial adenomatous polyposis patients[75] and in the general population.

6 Cancer can occur in children and adolescents, but it is uncommon (about 150 cases per million in the U.S.), with ________ the most common.

7 For instance, the most common type of ________ is called ductal carcinoma of the breast or mammary ductal carcinoma.

8 The most prominent example is the link between chronic infection of the wall of the stomach with ________ and gastric cancer.

9 [33] This can be accomplished by avoiding ________ or altering their metabolism, pursuing a lifestyle or diet that modifies cancer-causing factors and/or medical intervention (chemoprevention, treatment of pre-malignant lesions).

10 Faster rates of replication leaves less time for repair enzymes to repair damaged DNA during ________, increasing the likelihood of a mutation.

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